MAPEAMENTO DO POTENCIAL DE CONTAMINAÇÃO DAS ÁGUAS SUBTERRÂNEAS E SUPERFICIAIS POR AGROTÓXICOS NO NW DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Mapping potential contamination of groundwater and surface water by pesticides in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5016/geociencias.v40i04.15459Abstract
This study approach the potential for water resources contamination in 25 agricultural counties, by applying the GUS index (for groundwater); the GOSS method (for surface water); and the AF / RF (Attenuation Factor / Retardation Factor) method, to assess the adsorption and mobility of pesticides. This study aims to identify the pesticides to be prioritized by public agencies in the environmental monitoring program of water quality. For this purpose, a database containing the main crops and the types and quantities of pesticides applied in 2018, in the agricultural areas was structured. Based on the data base, the ten most used pesticides were identified as: glyphosate; paraquat dichloride; atrazine; mancozebe; 2,4-D; simazine; imidachlorpride; Acephate; trifloxystrobin and protioconazole. Glyphosate, paraquat dichloride, atrazine, acephate, trifloxystrobin, imidachlorpride, simazine and protioconazole showed potential to contaminate surface waters (GOSS method). Atrazine, 2,4-D, imidachlorpride, simazine and protioconazole have potential to leach and reach groundwater (GUS index). Glyphosate, paraquat dichloride, mancozeb, acephate, trifloxystrobin, imidachlorpride and protioconazole showed high capacity for soil adsorption (RF) and paraquat dichloride, glyphosate, acephate, trifloxystrobin and protioconazole have very low potential for water leaching.