Joints between Sustainable Societies and Critical-Transformative Environmental Education via Generating Themes: in search of unprecedented-viables counter-hegemonic

Abstract

This article was produced to express a utopia, a projection of reality in which human beings could live from their non-alienated work, exercising praxis and living in a complex and articulated way with the dimensions of reality without producing disasters that put their own existence at risk. Perhaps such a reality existed, but currently this projection seems to us utopian, in the sense of being the one that makes us walk, relating the knowledge built over the millennia with the scientific and technological knowledge produced in recent decades. Such a utopia, Paulo Freire would call unprecedented-viable, since it is possible but still present in the field of ideas, or if it exists materially, it is not in a hegemonic condition. Starting from a brief history of the term sustainability, we show how it approaches reality from a multidimensional understanding, even though it is polysemic and highly criticized. We will focus on the criticism of Lima (2003), Diegues (1992) and Leff (2007) in relation to the term sustainability and the propositions of the last two of the term sustainable societies. Next, we explain how Critical-Transformative Environmental Education via generative themes, and the synthesis carried out from its articulation with Critical Theory, have the potential to promote, through education, the realization of sustainable societies.